Conjugation

苦しむ

くるしむkurushimu

suffer

Godan verb, group 1, ending -mu.

Conjugated like 読む, 飲む, 含む, 盗む, 囲む, 挟む

Newbie

The polite forms to talk about now, the future, and the past, and the te-form of requests.

  1. Polite present · -masu

    What you do, usually or soon, said politely. Japanese has one form for the present and the future.

    1. affirmative苦しみますくるしみますkurushimimasu
    2. negative苦しみませんくるしみませんkurushimimasen

  2. Polite past · -mashita

    What you did, or did not do, said politely.

    1. affirmative苦しみましたくるしみましたkurushimimashita
    2. negative苦しみませんでしたくるしみませんでしたkurushimimasen deshita

  3. Te-form

    Links actions (and then…), and with ください asks politely.

    1. 苦しんでくるしんでkurushinde
    2. request苦しんでくださいくるしんでくださいkurushinde kudasai

  4. Let’s · -mashō

    To suggest doing something together: let’s…

    1. 苦しみましょうくるしみましょうkurushimimashō

  5. Wanting to · -tai

    What you want to do. Add です to be polite.

    1. affirmative苦しみたいくるしみたいkurushimitai
    2. negative苦しみたくないくるしみたくないkurushimitakunai
BeginnerThe plain forms of everyday speech, what is going on, what you can do, conditions, and the passive.Plain present · dictionary form · Plain past · -ta · Ongoing · -te iru · Potential · If, when · -tara · PassiveAlso show the Beginner forms (6)

  1. Plain present · dictionary form

    Between friends and family, and before a noun or many phrases. It also says the future.

    1. affirmative苦しむくるしむkurushimu
    2. negative苦しまないくるしまないkurushimanai

  2. Plain past · -ta

    The past between friends and family, and before a noun.

    1. affirmative苦しんだくるしんだkurushinda
    2. negative苦しまなかったくるしまなかったkurushimanakatta

  3. Ongoing · -te iru

    What is going on now, a habit, or a state that lasts: 結婚している, to be married.

    1. plain苦しんでいるくるしんでいるkurushinde iru
    2. polite苦しんでいますくるしんでいますkurushinde imasu

  4. Potential

    What you can do. Its object often takes が: 日本語が話せる.

    1. plain苦しめるくるしめるkurushimeru
    2. polite苦しめますくるしめますkurushimemasu

  5. If, when · -tara

    If or once something happens, and what you found when it did.

    1. 苦しんだらくるしんだらkurushindara

  6. Passive

    What is done to someone, often to their regret: に marks who does it. It is also a respectful way to speak of others.

    1. plain苦しまれるくるしまれるkurushimareru
    2. polite苦しまれますくるしまれますkurushimaremasu
IntermediateIntentions, orders, conditions, making someone do something, and the verbs of respect and modesty.Volitional · -ō, -yō · Command · Condition · -ba · Causative · Causative passiveAlso show the Intermediate forms (5)

  1. Volitional · -ō, -yō

    Let’s, between friends; with と思う, what you intend to do.

    1. 苦しもうくるしもうkurushimō

  2. Command

    A blunt order or ban (〜な), heard in sports, on signs, and between men. Politely, say 〜てください.

    1. order苦しめくるしめkurushime
    2. ban苦しむなくるしむなkurushimu na

  3. Condition · -ba

    If…: the condition for what follows. In the negative, it also says what you must do: 〜なければならない.

    1. affirmative苦しめばくるしめばkurushimeba
    2. negative苦しまなければくるしまなければkurushimanakereba

  4. Causative

    Making or letting someone do something: に or を marks who does it.

    1. plain苦しませるくるしませるkurushimaseru
    2. polite苦しませますくるしませますkurushimasemasu

  5. Causative passive

    Being made to do something you did not want to. In speech, godan verbs often shorten -aserareru to -asareru.

    1. plain苦しませられるくるしませられるkurushimaserareru
    2. polite苦しませられますくるしませられますkurushimaseraremasu