Conjugation

控える

ひかえるhikaeru

limit

Ichidan verb, group 2.

Conjugated like いる, 見る, 得る, 欠ける, 唱える, 決めつける

Newbie

The polite forms to talk about now, the future, and the past, and the te-form of requests.

  1. Polite present · -masu

    What you do, usually or soon, said politely. Japanese has one form for the present and the future.

    1. affirmative控えますひかえますhikaemasu
    2. negative控えませんひかえませんhikaemasen

  2. Polite past · -mashita

    What you did, or did not do, said politely.

    1. affirmative控えましたひかえましたhikaemashita
    2. negative控えませんでしたひかえませんでしたhikaemasen deshita

  3. Te-form

    Links actions (and then…), and with ください asks politely.

    1. 控えてひかえてhikaete
    2. request控えてくださいひかえてくださいhikaete kudasai

  4. Let’s · -mashō

    To suggest doing something together: let’s…

    1. 控えましょうひかえましょうhikaemashō

  5. Wanting to · -tai

    What you want to do. Add です to be polite.

    1. affirmative控えたいひかえたいhikaetai
    2. negative控えたくないひかえたくないhikaetakunai
BeginnerThe plain forms of everyday speech, what is going on, what you can do, conditions, and the passive.Plain present · dictionary form · Plain past · -ta · Ongoing · -te iru · Potential · If, when · -tara · PassiveAlso show the Beginner forms (6)

  1. Plain present · dictionary form

    Between friends and family, and before a noun or many phrases. It also says the future.

    1. affirmative控えるひかえるhikaeru
    2. negative控えないひかえないhikaenai

  2. Plain past · -ta

    The past between friends and family, and before a noun.

    1. affirmative控えたひかえたhikaeta
    2. negative控えなかったひかえなかったhikaenakatta

  3. Ongoing · -te iru

    What is going on now, a habit, or a state that lasts: 結婚している, to be married.

    1. plain控えているひかえているhikaete iru
    2. polite控えていますひかえていますhikaete imasu

  4. Potential

    What you can do. Its object often takes が: 日本語が話せる.

    1. plain控えられるひかえられるhikaerareru
    2. polite控えられますひかえられますhikaeraremasu

  5. If, when · -tara

    If or once something happens, and what you found when it did.

    1. 控えたらひかえたらhikaetara

  6. Passive

    What is done to someone, often to their regret: に marks who does it. It is also a respectful way to speak of others.

    1. plain控えられるひかえられるhikaerareru
    2. polite控えられますひかえられますhikaeraremasu
IntermediateIntentions, orders, conditions, making someone do something, and the verbs of respect and modesty.Volitional · -ō, -yō · Command · Condition · -ba · Causative · Causative passiveAlso show the Intermediate forms (5)

  1. Volitional · -ō, -yō

    Let’s, between friends; with と思う, what you intend to do.

    1. 控えようひかえようhikaeyō

  2. Command

    A blunt order or ban (〜な), heard in sports, on signs, and between men. Politely, say 〜てください.

    1. order控えろひかえろhikaero
    2. ban控えるなひかえるなhikaeru na

  3. Condition · -ba

    If…: the condition for what follows. In the negative, it also says what you must do: 〜なければならない.

    1. affirmative控えればひかえればhikaereba
    2. negative控えなければひかえなければhikaenakereba

  4. Causative

    Making or letting someone do something: に or を marks who does it.

    1. plain控えさせるひかえさせるhikaesaseru
    2. polite控えさせますひかえさせますhikaesasemasu

  5. Causative passive

    Being made to do something you did not want to. In speech, godan verbs often shorten -aserareru to -asareru.

    1. plain控えさせられるひかえさせられるhikaesaserareru
    2. polite控えさせられますひかえさせられますhikaesaseraremasu