Conjugation

悲しむ

かなしむkanashimu

feel sad

Godan verb, group 1, ending -mu.

Conjugated like 読む, 飲む, 含む, 読み込む, 煮込む, 逃げ込む

Newbie

The polite forms to talk about now, the future, and the past, and the te-form of requests.

  1. Polite present · -masu

    What you do, usually or soon, said politely. Japanese has one form for the present and the future.

    1. affirmative悲しみますかなしみますkanashimimasu
    2. negative悲しみませんかなしみませんkanashimimasen

  2. Polite past · -mashita

    What you did, or did not do, said politely.

    1. affirmative悲しみましたかなしみましたkanashimimashita
    2. negative悲しみませんでしたかなしみませんでしたkanashimimasen deshita

  3. Te-form

    Links actions (and then…), and with ください asks politely.

    1. 悲しんでかなしんでkanashinde
    2. request悲しんでくださいかなしんでくださいkanashinde kudasai

  4. Let’s · -mashō

    To suggest doing something together: let’s…

    1. 悲しみましょうかなしみましょうkanashimimashō

  5. Wanting to · -tai

    What you want to do. Add です to be polite.

    1. affirmative悲しみたいかなしみたいkanashimitai
    2. negative悲しみたくないかなしみたくないkanashimitakunai
BeginnerThe plain forms of everyday speech, what is going on, what you can do, conditions, and the passive.Plain present · dictionary form · Plain past · -ta · Ongoing · -te iru · Potential · If, when · -tara · PassiveAlso show the Beginner forms (6)

  1. Plain present · dictionary form

    Between friends and family, and before a noun or many phrases. It also says the future.

    1. affirmative悲しむかなしむkanashimu
    2. negative悲しまないかなしまないkanashimanai

  2. Plain past · -ta

    The past between friends and family, and before a noun.

    1. affirmative悲しんだかなしんだkanashinda
    2. negative悲しまなかったかなしまなかったkanashimanakatta

  3. Ongoing · -te iru

    What is going on now, a habit, or a state that lasts: 結婚している, to be married.

    1. plain悲しんでいるかなしんでいるkanashinde iru
    2. polite悲しんでいますかなしんでいますkanashinde imasu

  4. Potential

    What you can do. Its object often takes が: 日本語が話せる.

    1. plain悲しめるかなしめるkanashimeru
    2. polite悲しめますかなしめますkanashimemasu

  5. If, when · -tara

    If or once something happens, and what you found when it did.

    1. 悲しんだらかなしんだらkanashindara

  6. Passive

    What is done to someone, often to their regret: に marks who does it. It is also a respectful way to speak of others.

    1. plain悲しまれるかなしまれるkanashimareru
    2. polite悲しまれますかなしまれますkanashimaremasu
IntermediateIntentions, orders, conditions, making someone do something, and the verbs of respect and modesty.Volitional · -ō, -yō · Command · Condition · -ba · Causative · Causative passiveAlso show the Intermediate forms (5)

  1. Volitional · -ō, -yō

    Let’s, between friends; with と思う, what you intend to do.

    1. 悲しもうかなしもうkanashimō

  2. Command

    A blunt order or ban (〜な), heard in sports, on signs, and between men. Politely, say 〜てください.

    1. order悲しめかなしめkanashime
    2. ban悲しむなかなしむなkanashimu na

  3. Condition · -ba

    If…: the condition for what follows. In the negative, it also says what you must do: 〜なければならない.

    1. affirmative悲しめばかなしめばkanashimeba
    2. negative悲しまなければかなしまなければkanashimanakereba

  4. Causative

    Making or letting someone do something: に or を marks who does it.

    1. plain悲しませるかなしませるkanashimaseru
    2. polite悲しませますかなしませますkanashimasemasu

  5. Causative passive

    Being made to do something you did not want to. In speech, godan verbs often shorten -aserareru to -asareru.

    1. plain悲しませられるかなしませられるkanashimaserareru
    2. polite悲しませられますかなしませられますkanashimaseraremasu