Presente
What is happening now, habits, general truths, and plans: domani parto.
- io ardo
- tu ardi
- lui / lei arde
- noi ardiamo
- voi ardete
- loro ardono
to burn
Irregular verb, gerund ardendo, past participle arso, auxiliary avere.
Conjugated like escludere, chiudere, sorridere, concludere, uccidere, richiudere
Avere or essere
Both are correct: la legna ha arso, la legna è arsa. The tables use avere.
Lei, the polite you, takes the form of lui / lei: Lei parla.
Enough to talk about now, your plans, and the past.
What is happening now, habits, general truths, and plans: domani parto.
The everyday past for a finished action: avere or essere plus the participle.
Past habits, descriptions, and what was going on.
What will happen, and a guess about now: sarà vero.
Polite requests, wishes, and hypotheses: “would …”.
Orders and advice; Lei is the polite form. The subject in parentheses is not said.
Telling someone not to do something: non plus the infinitive for tu.
What is happening right now: stare plus the gerund.
What was going on at a moment in the past: stavo plus the gerund.
A past action completed before another past action.
After opinions, wishes, doubts, and feelings: penso che, spero che, benché.
The subjunctive for an action already completed: penso che sia partito.
Hypotheses with se, wishes, and the subjunctive in the past: se potessi…
Regrets and hypotheses about the past: se l’avessi saputo…
What would have happened, and the future seen from the past: disse che sarebbe venuto.
Something about to happen: sto per uscire, I am about to go out.
An action finished before a future moment, or a guess about the past: sarà già partito.
The past of stories, history, and books. Common in speech in the South, rare in the North.
Literary: an action just before another in the passato remoto, after quando or appena.